Unit 5: Flexibility and Balance · Lesson 7
Flexibility and Balance - Lesson 7
What this lesson is for
- Explain how the contract-relax method produces more range of motion than passive stretching alone.
- Perform three contract-relax cycles per leg for the hamstrings, holding each contraction 6 to 10 seconds.
- Measure your seated reach before and after and record the change.
What? know ye not that your body is the temple of the Holy Ghost which is in you, which ye have of God, and ye are not your own?
1 Corinthians 6:19
PNF Stretching Techniques
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation, commonly called PNF stretching, is one of the most effective methods for rapidly improving flexibility. Originally developed for physical therapy, PNF stretching is now widely used by athletes and coaches because it produces greater range-of-motion gains than static or dynamic stretching alone.
How PNF Stretching Works PNF stretching takes advantage of the neuromuscular system's response to muscle contraction. When a muscle contracts isometrically (without moving) and then relaxes, it allows a deeper stretch than passive relaxation alone. This is linked to the Golgi tendon organ response that temporarily reduces muscle tension.
The Basic PNF Sequence (Contract-Relax)
- Stretch the target muscle to its comfortable end range.
- Isometrically contract the stretched muscle against resistance for 6–10 seconds. (For example, while a partner holds your leg up for a hamstring stretch, you push your leg down against their resistance without actually moving it.)
- Relax the muscle completely for 2–3 seconds.
- Move into a deeper stretch — you will likely reach further than before.
- Hold the new stretch for 20–30 seconds.
- Repeat 2–3 times.
Safety Considerations PNF stretching is more intense than regular stretching and should only be done when muscles are thoroughly warm. Partner-assisted PNF requires clear communication — always use a "stop" signal.
Activity: Partner PNF Hamstring Stretch With a partner (parent, sibling), practice the contract-relax sequence for hamstrings. Complete 3 repetitions per leg. Measure before-and-after reach distance. Most people see an immediate improvement.
God built adaptability into our muscles and nervous system. That capacity for change is a gift to be used wisely.
Homework
Repeat the contract-relax hamstring sequence twice more this week, always after you are warm and never cold, and record your seated reach measurement each time.
Note for the parent
Today's lesson covers Flexibility and Balance - Lesson 7. Estimated time: 35 minutes. Encourage independent work but be available for questions.
The first three of this lesson's 10 questions
What does PNF stand for in stretching?
Show the answer
Answer: Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation
How does PNF stretching work physiologically?
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Answer: Contracting the muscle first so it then relaxes into a deeper stretch
What is the 'contract-relax' PNF method?
Show the answer
Answer: Stretching the muscle, then contracting it isometrically against resistance for 5-10 seconds, then relaxing into a deeper stretch.
Another 7 questions follow in the lesson itself, each one graded the moment it is answered.